🇨🇳 China vs 🇮🇳 India Tariffs — Import Duty Comparison (2026)

Comparing import tariffs between China and India reveals key differences that can significantly impact landed costs for US importers.

India has a lower effective tariff rate (10%) compared to China (35%), a difference of 25%.

Both countries export Machinery, Textiles, Iron and steel, Chemicals to the United States, creating direct competition in these sectors.

In terms of trade volume, China accounts for approximately $575B in bilateral trade with the US, exceeding India's $130B.

Both countries are subject to the Section 301 forced-labor tariff that replaced the flat 10% Section 122 rate on July 24, 2026 — a two-tier 10%/12.5% duty on roughly 60 economies (about 99.4% of US imports by value), broader than the earlier 46-country proposal. Section 122 had itself replaced the IEEPA tariffs struck down by the Supreme Court. In August 2026, 25 states sued to block the forced-labor tariff, but CBP continues collecting it while the case proceeds.

China's advantages include: Higher US trade volume ($575B vs $130B); Unique export categories: Electronics, Furniture, Toys. India's advantages include: Lower overall tariff rate (10% vs 35%); Not subject to Section 301 tariffs (China-specific); Unique export categories: Pharmaceuticals, Diamonds, Petroleum products.

For most product categories, India currently offers lower import costs due to its tariff advantage. However, importers should consider factors beyond tariffs including shipping costs, lead times, quality standards, and supply chain reliability.